In Humanism and Terror, influenced and inspired by phenomenology and dialectics, Merleau-Ponty's view of history begins with a critique of two views of history: the historical determinism of Soviet orthodox Marxism and Sartre's theory of absolute freedom in terms of the view of history. In the field of social and political life, he intends to transcend the binary opposition between "intellectual politics" and "rational politics" represented by the above two views of history to question the meaning of history. In Merleau-Ponty, history not only has an objectivity that transcends the dichotomy of subject and object, belonging to the former object, but also a priori intersubjectivity.As the core of his view of history, the history of intersubjectivity is an infinite process of transformation of cognition and practice, thought and existence with temporality as the coordinate axis, rather than an immediate and intuitive existence. At the same time, this kind of history as intersubjectivity has its own form of expression in the realm of reality—violence, and through the analysis of violence, Merleau-Ponty follows Marx's steps to focus on revolutionary violence, and returns his view of history to the garden of humanism.

Merleau-Ponty; Historical perspective; Intersubjectivity; Violence

[1] Merleau-Ponty: Humanitarianism and Terror, translated by Zheng qi[M]. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2021. [2] Merleau-Ponty: Les Aventures de la dialectique, translated by Yang Dachun et al. [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Translation Publishing House, 2009. [3] Zheng Tianzhe. The Logical Problems of Merleau-Ponty's Historical Philosophy[J]. Marxism & Reality, 2011. [4] Song Yaping. Discussion of Intersubjectivity[J].Marxist Philosophical Research, 2008. [5] Hans-Georg Gadamer: Wahrheit und Methode, translated by Hong Handing[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Translation Publishing House, 1999. [6] Heidegger Martin: Sein und Zeit, translated by Chen Jiaying et al[M]. Shanghai: The Commercial Press, 2018. [7] Taylor Carman: Merleau-Ponty[M]. New York: Routledge, 2008.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.62639/sspjiess12.20240104

Published： 2024